Firearm.



No. 789,142. I PATENTED MAY 9, 1905. H. D. GHIGHESTER.

FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED DEO.17, 1904.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

H. D. GHIGH-ESTER.

- FIREARM. v

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No. 789,142. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905. H. D. GHIGHESTER.

FIREARM. v APPLIOATION FILED DEO.17, 1904. v 7 sums-411mm a.

I EJ-Hll l "INI- No. 789,142. V PATENTBD MAY 9, 1905. H. D. GHIVGHESTER.

FIREARM. APPLIOATION FILED DEU.17. 1904.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENTED MAY 9, 1905;

' H. D. CHIOHBSTER.

FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 17. 1904.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

adieu No. 789,142. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

H. D. OHICHESTER.

FIREARM.

APPLIOATION FILED 1320.17, 1904.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

am.- @ZZZMJW 7 sums-sum PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

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UNITED STATES Patented May 9, 1905..

PATENT OFFICE.

FIREARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 789,142, dated May 9, 1905.

Application filed December 1'7, 1904;. erial No. 237,226.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY D. CHIoHEsTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an improvement in firearms; and it is embodied in the construction and arrangement of parts presently to be described, and defined in the claims.

The present invention relates more particularly to what is now known as magazinefirearms-that is, firearms wherein a provision is made for the storage of a series of projectiles or cartridges-and of this type there are several varieties many of which containthe embodiment of structures wherein the placement or ejection of cartridges is effected by the backward and forward movement of the forearm or handpiece, while others employ what is termed the bolt type. There are also in this particular art magazine guns or firearms known as the pack type, wherein provisions are made for receiving a number of cartridges in connected form or in pack form-that is, a construction wherein a series of cartridges are packed into a chamber side by side and thence fed to the firing-chamber. The cartridges in such construction are taken from their original package and packed into suitable chambers in the gun structure, special clips being employed.

My present invention relates to a construction of gun wherein the projectiles or cartridges may be maintained in the original commercial shipping-package and from the original package fed to the operating mechanism and discharged. It will be appreciated that when cartridges are packed in original commercial shipping-packages, such as boxes, it is highly advantageous to avoid the necessity of taking out a few cartridges at a time and placing them in the magazine of a gun or in a clip-in other words, to avoid the necessity of loading a magazine by taking the cartridges from the original package.

The aim of my invention is to so construct a firearm that cartridges can be retained in the original commercial shipping box or package and fed therefrom to the firing mechanism or taken while in their usual arrangement that is, certain cartridges arranged in reverse orderfrom the package or box in bulk without separate handling, and placed in position on the gun for automatic removal or feeding to the firing mechanism.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown the invention as applied to what may be termed a small-caliber rifle, wherein a 22 short cartridge may be employed. This, however, is for the purpose of illustrating the invention and not intended with a view of restricting its use or the application of the principle thereof. The gun illustrated in the accompanying drawings is designed with a chamber into which a full box of cartridges can be placed, and by the back-and-forth movement of the forearm individual cartridges are taken from the box or container and automatically fed to the firing mechanism, and thereafter the empty shells are drawn back and discharged at the same time or during the same movement the firing mechanism is being reset for reloading upon a reverse movement of the forearm or handpiece.

The accompanying drawings, employed for illustrating the invention, are not designed as working drawings, but more particularly with a view of illustrating the inventive idea, and therefore in the various minor details, proportions, and absolute scale relative positioning of the various parts, while in substance being accurate, are not intended to be absolutely so, the purpose of the drawings in this case being more particularly to illustrate the invention, so that any one skilled in the art can by reference to the specification make and use the invention.

In said drawings, Figures 1, 2, and 3 are views of my improved gun in top plan, side elevation, and bottom plan, respectively. Fig. 4 is an enlarged topplan view of the same with the cover-plate removed, the barrel and stock broken away, and the several parts shown in their normal position, except the reciprocating slide, which is partly extended. Fig. 5

is a similar view with the parts shown in a position just after the shell has been extracted and the firing-pin cocked for action. Fig. 6 is an enlarged side elevation, partly in section, the parts arranged in same position as in Fig. 4; Fig. 7, a similar view of a portion of the opposite side, illustrating the elevator-lever; Fig. 8, a similar View to Fig. 6, the parts being shown in the same position as in Fig. 5, except the firing-pin and its operating-lever, the cocking position being shown in dotted lines; Fig. 9, an enlarged longitudinal sectional view with the parts shown in their normal positions, except the firing-pin, which is cooked for action. Figs. 10,11, 12, and 13 are respectively cross-sections on lines 10 10, 11 11, 12 12, and 13 13, Fig. 9, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 14, an enlarged top plan of toggle mechanism for turning the cartridge to proper position for insertion into the barrel, the said mechanism being shown in normal arrangement; Fig. 15, asimilar View with parts arranged as after having turned the cartridge; Fig. 16, a similar view showing the toggle mechanism in position assumed after the firing-pin has been cocked; Fig. 17, an enlarged bottom plan View of the firing-pin slide and the several parts therein contained and supported; Fig. 18, afront end view thereof; Figs. 19 and 20, sections on lines 19 19 and 20 20 of Fig. 17 looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 21, a detail sectional view illustrating the firing-pin, and Fig. 2l2da perspective view of the reciprocating s 1 e.

General strzwtura-A designates the barrel; B, the stock, and C the operating handle or grip, which is movable backward and forward on a fixed guiding-rod D. This guide D is supported at its opposite ends by the clips cl, which may conveniently surround the barrel part or be attached thereto in any desirable way, the guide-rod D being fixed in position. In the rear of the operating handle or grip and into which the guide-rod D projects is a spacing-block E, fixedly secured in position to the forward end of the action casing or frame F, which latter is secured in any convenient manner to the stock.

E designates the cap-piece for the rear end of the barrel and which is in turn secured to the barrel in any convenient manner.

The rear end of the guiding bar or rod D is fixedly secured to the barrel, as shown in Fig. 11, by a vertical pin d, which conveniently enters a socket in the barrel and an open seat in the end of the guide. This pin serves as an abutment and guide for parts presently to be referred to. The grip C is recessed on its upper face, its projecting side edges extending up above the plane of the lower part of the barrel portion A and forms a cavity 0 immediately below the barrel, Figs. 10, 15, and 16, in which cavity a reciprocating link member C is designed to move backward and forward. The link member C has an elongated slot 0 in its end, through which a retaining-pin c the outer or free ends of the links are connected, respectively, to what I shall term reciprocating cartridge-turning bars G which extend rearward into the frame part F, their rear ends being provided with elongated slots 0 0 through which suitable retaining-pins 0 0 project, the same being anchored or secured in a fixed frame part F. (See Figs. 14, 15, and 16.) For purposes presently to be described it will be noticed that the length of the slots 0 in the link C are the same as the slots 0 0 in the bars C 0 To insure direct backWard-and-forward primary movements of the reciprocating cartridgeturning bars, pressure-springs C C are employed, the same being secured to the side plates F" F of the action-frame F. These springs work in channels or grooves formed in the side plates, their ends projecting into thespace immediately above the spacing-block E and contact with the edges of the reciprocating bars C By this construction the reciprocating bars are forced backward the length of their movement, while the togglelinks (1* (J are retained in their forward positions. Thereafter upon a further movement of the link C by the movement of the grip, to which it is attached, the ends of the bars G C are spread apart, the springs C C yielding to the pressurefand the links assume a position inwardly, as shown in Fig. 16 and for purposes presently to be stated. The inner face or edge of the reciprocating cartridge-turning bars are cut out, as at C to form spurs C at the terminus of their forward ends, as shown in Figs. 14, 15, and 16, while the bar C has a cut-out portion, as C.

The purpose of the parts above referred to will presently be described.

Tltepac/rage-lwlder.-Extending downward from the frame F are two fixed guide-plates ff, and within the frame F between the guide-plates is formed a chamber between the sides of the frame, as indicated at dotted lines, Fig. 9. The chamber thusformed is of ashape to receive a box of cartridges, the Width and length conveniently being that of a box of cartridges.

F 3 designates the container-cap fitting over the guide-plates ff, having its upper edge fitting closely against the lower wall or edge of the adjacent part of the frame. This container-cap F 3 has a spring-catch f at its forward edge taking under a lip f on the frame part. It is also provided with similar catches f f at the sides taking under projecting lips on the frame part.

F designates a spring-pressed follower, and in Fig. 9 the said follower is shown as entering from the lower edge of the box containing the cartridges, the ends of the box being indicated in section and the upper edges being prevented from being forced upward by slightly-overhanging portions of the guideplates f f".

Immediately above the package-holder thus far described is a reciprocating slide F, the same being positioned directly below a fixed plate f on the frame part and extending out through an opening in the frame and the stock. The slide F has its outer end inclined and provided with a thumb-piece, as shown, and is held in this position by a suitable sliding catch f". The slide is conveniently formed of trough shape, as shown in Fig. 22, having an open forward end and a closed rear end, and in the rear end is placed a springpressed follower f. The forward edge of the bottom plate of the slide is chamfered or beveled, and the width of the slide is conveniently greater than the width of the packagecontaining chamber, while its interior is in width substantially that of the cartridge-box. When in its normal position, the slide projects forwardly beyond the package-chamber.

The forward end of the slideway terminates in a vertically-arranged well or chamber g, entering through the plate f and having its forward wall composed of a vertical continuation of the plate f. This well opens into the action-chamber of the frame and has positioned in its lower end a vertically-movable elevator G of a width substantially that of the width of the cartridge, as shown in Fig. 9. The ends of the elevator are provided with projections g and the latter being connected with a swinging guide-bar G, extending rearwardly and pivoted at its rear end, as at This guide is conveniently located in a recess in the side plate. The opposite end of the elevator Ur is through its projecting lug extended outward and through or into a cam-slot h, formed in a rigid action-bar H, extending back from and fixedly secured to the grip C, so that the movement of the grip imparts a corresponding action to the action-bar. The shape of the slot it is such that upon the initial movement thereof the inclination at its rear end, acting on the projecting-pin g, tends to carry the pin up or down, according to the direction of movement of the grip, and after the pin has moved up the inclined portion of the slot it is there retained in its position while in the horizontal portion of the said slot. This action serves to elevate and depress the elevator G and, as will be seen, elevate an individual cartridge into the actionchamber from the slide F, the spring-follower in the slide serving to advance the cartridges as they are respectively removed.

Chrtrirlge-twrning wwchrmz'sm.-From the construction thus far described it will be observed that the cartridge having been elevated into the action-chamber it is in a position at right angles to the axis of the barrel and is required to be turned into line. For

this purpose I have provided the frame F with two rigid guides J oppositely arranged and provided with semicircular recesses j, oppositely disposed, thus forming, in effect, a substantially circular turning-space at or near the centerof which is the terminus of the well 9 for the elevator. The cartridge being projected into this space or placed therein will be positioned in the path of the spurs G of the cartridge-turning bars C G the ends of the cartridge when the said turning-bars are in their forward position projecting laterally beyond the spurs, as shown in Fig. 14:, while the flanged part of the cartridge will be positioned in the recess back of one of the spurs.

The guides J serve to prevent any improper movement of the cartridge during its turning interval, and they are spaced apart sufficiently to permit the forward movement of the cartridges after the same have been turned into alinement with the barrel. Upon the initial backward movement of the grip the cartridge turning bars remain stationary, owing to the lost motion caused by the slot 0 in the links C, and the action-bar H during this interval elevates a cartridge into the actionchamber between the guides J. -A continuous backward movement of the grip causes the link C to move backward and through it a corresponding movement of the turningbars C G. This movement serves to bring the spur on one of the bars into contact with the flanged part of the cartridge and quickly turns the cartridge into its proper position in alinement with the bore of the gun. In this particular it will be noted that it is not absolutely necessary that the cartridge shouldbe positioned accurately in alinement with the bore of the gun at its point, the squaring thereof being accomplished by means presently to be described; but in actual use it has been found that the cartridges turn substantially in line with the bore.

The action mechanism-Located in the action-chamber of the frame between the side plates is a reciprocating carriage K, suitably mounted in ways of any convenient arrangement. This carriage is permitted a movement backward and forward, its rear end being guided through an opening in the rear of the frame F, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, 8, and 9, its position being substantially in line with the barrel of the gun. In construction conveniently the carriage is formed of inverted-trough shape having a top and two side walls, but open at the bottom. It is spanned at or near its rear end by a partitionk,Fig. l7,and by acylindrical of this lug is substantially the distance berod in" slightly in advance of its central portion. K designates the hammer having a cylindrical portion passing through the partition k and an angular striking and guiding head in which has a projecting lug k entering through a slot, presently to be referred to, in the sides of the carriage, Figs. 9 and 17. This head 76 conforms in angularity to the angular sides of the carriage, serving in that respect as a guide for the hammer part in addition to the guide formed by the partition Zc. Movement downward to the position shown in Fig. 17 is prevented by the projection it on the carriage, which is designed to bear against the walls of the slot. Intermediate the head k and partition in is a coiled spring Z4 The upper part of the hammer K has a sear-notch k therein, with which the spring-actuated sear L engages, the same being of pawl formation, as shown in Fig. 9. This sear L has an actuating projection l, extending transversely and thence downwardly through an opening in the carriage at the enlarged part if, the end of this projection lextending normally below the plane of the carriage into the action-chamber. The sear is spring-actuated through the medium of the flat spring L, secured to the top of the carriage at one side, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

M designates the breechblock, slidably mounted in the forward part of the carriage carrying the breech portion 772, designed to abut the end of a cartridge and having oppositely-arranged flanges m m", passing through elongated slots 1c is in the sides of the carriage and projecting a distance beyond the same, which flanges serve as supporting and guiding flanges. The breech-block in addition to the flanges m m has a rearwardlyextending finger part provided with a downwardly-extendingflange orlug m The width tween the head and the side of the carriage directly in rear of the said lug, and the lug extends downward to and corresponds in shape and size largely to the shape and size of the edge of the head k so that when the breechblock is forced backward this lug m will occupy a position between the side of the carriage and the angular head of the hammer and will have its forward edge flush with the vertical wall of the lower part of the hammerhead. To cause a lagging or primary interrupted movement of the breech-block independent of the movement of the carriage, a spring-actuated retaining-tooth m is secured in the top of the carriage, a suitable recess being provided, the tooth extending below the top wall of carriage into the path of the block M. The tooth is beveled conveniently and is carried by a flat spring 992, secured to the carriage, and the position of the tooth relative to the movement of the block is such as to permit an extreme backward movement of the block in the carriage and to there prol ject over the forward edge of the block and retain it in its rearmost position for purposes presently to be explained.

The carriage K has a cut-out lower edge is on one side, as shown in Figs. 6 and'8, and into this space is projected an angular projection H, extending transversly from a projecting part of the rear portion of the actionbar H, Figs. 6, 8, and 13. This angular projection occupies a position in the slot or recess in directly between the lower part of the head of the hammer and a depending lug m on the breech-block, as shown in'dotted lines, Figs. 6, 8, 17, and 18. The angular projection H has a finger 71/ extending therefrom in front of the lug m and serves as means for drawing back the breech-block into the carriage, while the lug m serves as a means for causing the block to advance in the carriage upon the reciprocating movement of the action-bar H.

In the breech-block is positioned the firingpin N, the same being entered into a channel in the block and formed with an elongated slot through which a suitable retaining-pin is passed. The firing-pin is of a length greater than the length of the breech-block and is in a position to be struck forcibly by the projecting end of the head of the hammer and driven forward in advance of the breechblock. Directly below and secured to the under side of the block M is the extractor-finger 0, having an inclined forward edge with a hooked catch part.

The forward movement of the carriage is employed for the purpose of transferring the cartridge,which has been properly positioned, forward toward the barrel, and as a means for effecting this transfer a suitable pivoted pusher P is employed, pivoted to the crossbar in of the carriage. This pusher has a small head-piece or pushing part 19 at its forward end and normally by gravity drops down to the plane of the cartridge-bearing surface of the action-chamber. In this forward movement of the carriage the pusher serves, as stated, to advance the cartridge, and as the carriage is moved forward the finger 7b of the action-bar strikes the pusher and immediately forces the same upward into the position shown in Fig. 9.

To guide the cartridge from a position below the plane of the bore of the gun up to the bore, a suitable guide-chute Q is employed. This chute is mounted on the shaft Q, secured longitudinally in suitable hearings in the fixed frame part and designed to rotate transversely of the frame. The shaft is in part of drum formation and has in its circumference a longitudinally-extended inclined camway 9, Fig. 8, with which a spring-actuated pawl or pin b carried on the action-bar, engages. This pin has an inclined forward edge and is carried conveniently by an elongated spring set into a suitable aperture in the bar. On the drum is secured an arm 1 extending normally inward and carrying at its inner end the guidechute Q, or trough, which latter is conveniently of concave formation for preventing the escape of the cartridge over the side thereof. The trough is inclined longitudinally. its upper end being so positioned when in normal position as to be in direct alinemcnt and in close proximity to the lower wall of the rear end of the bore of the gun, while the lower or rear end of the guide is normally positioned immediately in front and on a plane with the cartridge-supporting surface of the actionchamber, as shown in Fig. 9. On the forward part of the shaft Q is sleevedaspring Q}, being connected, respectively, to the fixed part of the frame and to the drum or shaft. This spring is so coiled that its tendency will be to force the chute Q into its normal position in line with the bore of the gun. To limit the action of the spring, a suitable pin g is secured to the frame part F and extends into a narrow slot in the drum, the said slot being in length sufficient to permit the movement of the drum back to the position shown in Fig. 12 from its normal position, the return movement against the tension of the spring being accomplished by the action of the pin on the action-bar engaging in the cam-slot in the drum.

Directly below the butt of the barrel and below the chute Q is a free or unobstructed opening K, through which the empty shells are adapted to fall when extracted from the barrel.

On the side of the carriage K is a stop-pin .s, limiting the movement of the carriage as the forearm is moved back.

S designates the trigger, suitably pivoted in the frame and having a heel part s, designed to engage a rocking lever S, which in turn rests against the spring-actuated trip S The upper end of this trip is positioned directly below the sear projection Z, so that upon the backward movement of the trigger the tripping-lever S will be rocked into engagement with the projection Z, raising the sear over the hammer and permitting the latter to be forced forward by its spring.

It is to be understood that the cap-plate shown in Fig. 1 at T may have a suitable guide 1. thereon, as shown in Fig. 13, which serves, in conjunction with the guide 6 on the frame, to assist in forming a guide for the carriage. The connecting-plateis shown omitted in'Figs. 4 and 5.

Operation: While the operation of the various parts has been referred to, it may be stated, briefly, that an original commercial shipping package or box of cartridges is first taken and its opposite longitudinal side edges removed. The same is then placed in the containing-chamber, the follower F entering into the lower open edge of the box. The cap is then secured in position on the frame and the slide F is moved rearward, permitting the cartridges to be moved upward the distance of one row. The slide F is then moved forward, scaling off the first row of cartridges, forcing the first or foremost cartridge into the well of the elevator, compressing the spring of the follower in the slide, and thereby loading the slide with the entire line or row of cartridges. The grip being in its extreme forward position is now drawn back, the first movement thereof being to elevate the elevator Gr through the inclined slot of the action-bar H and thereafter the pin 0 in the grip striking the rear wall of the slot in the forward end of the link 0' forces the link rearward, which in turn forces the turning-bars rearward, turning the cartridge from its position at right angles to the bore to a position parallel with the bore. A continued movement of the grip is permitted by the toggle-links moving to a reverse position, as shown in Fig. 16, and the actionbar with its projecting flange H coming in contact with the lug 772* on the breech-block and with the inangular portion of the head of the hammer, forces the breech-block backward, as well as coming in contact with the hammer, moving the carriage bodily backward until the stop 8 comes in contact with the frame, and thereafter the movement of the grip compresses the hammer-spring and cocks the gun by permitting the sear to enter its notch in the cylind rical part of the hammer. The grip is now forced forward, and in its movement the pusher P comes in contact with the car-- tridge, forces it up the chute Q, in advance of the breech-block, which latter is held in its rearmost position on the carriage while the carriage is being advanced. The cartridge being in front of the breech-block is now forcibly inserted in the breech of the gun by a continued movement of the grip overcoming the spring-catch which has held the breech-block fromindependent movement, causes the block to advance against the cartridge end, and at thesame time forces the forward end of the firing-pin back flush with the block end. This action serves to bring the ejector below the rim of the cartridge in position for action upon a reversal of the movement of the parts. When the carriage is in its foremost position, the sear projection L is directly over the trigger-lever, and by pulling the trigger the sear is raised,- the hammer its spring striking the firing-pin of the breechblock and discharging the cartridge. The grip is now moved backward, repeatingthe various operations and in addition thereto rocking the chuteQ, transversely from beneath the barrel-opening, and inasmuch as the ejector engages only a point on the rim of the shell the shell will by its own weight immediately fall through the opening R and the operation is repeated. It will thus be seen that an original package can be quickly loaded into the gun and by simple movement of the slide the rows of cartridges be taken off quickly and forcibly advanced by properly positioned for firing individually. In this connection it will be noted that while preferably and conveniently a part of the original package is placed in the chamber, yet manifestly the cartridges could be entirely removed from the package and placed in the chamber in bulk and in their usual reverse arrangement-that is, an entire box of cartridges could be poured into the chamber and taken therefrom in the man ner abovedescribed-and istherefore to be understood that the term orlglnal package is used to designate the quantity of cartridges rather than literally a package as such in its original condition containing the cartridges.

It is of course to be understood that the principle of this invention can be embodied in widely different forms from that shown; but I believe I am the first to ever provide a structure wherein an original package or the contents thereof can be placed in a gun and the cartridges taken therefrom while in the gun for firing purposes, and so without special prearrangement of the cartridges with their points directed in one direction.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is

1. In a firearm, the combination with stock and barrel parts, of a magazine part fashioned to receive the contents of an original commercial shipping-package of cartridges in bulk, a firing mechanism, and mechanism for transferring the cartridges individually from the magazine to the barrel.

2. In a firearm, the combination with a barrel part, of a firing mechanism, a magazinecbamber adapted to receive an original commercial shipping-package of cartridges, and mechanism for individually transferring the cartridges to the barrel.

3. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel part, of a magazine part adapted to receive an original commercial shippingpackage of cartridges, mechanism for moving the cartridges individually from the magazine, to the barrel, and a firing mechanism.

4. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with firing mechanism and a barrel, of a magazine fashioned to receive the cartridges in bulk and in their usual original commercial shippingpackage arrangement, and means for advancing a cartridge from the magazine into the barrel.

5. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and firing mechanism, of a magazine part adapted to receive cartridges in bulk and in their usual original commercial shippingpackage arrangement, means for separating a series of cartridges from the bulk contained in the magazine, and means for feeding individual cartridges from the separated series to the barrel part.

6. A magazine-firearm having a magazine adapted to receive an original commercial shipping-package containing cartridges, and mechanism for feeding. the cartridges individually from the magazine to the barrel of the firearm.

7. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and firing mechanism, of a magazine fashioned to receive an original commercial shipping-package of cartridges, and means for feeding the cartridges from the original package tothe barrel.

8. In a firearm means for automatically loading the same and provision for storing cartridges in bulk in reverse arrangement in the firearm, and mechanism for transferring the cartridges to the loading mechanism.

9. In a firearm of the magazine type, provisions for depositing the contents of an original commercial shipping-package in bulk and in shipping arrangement in the magazine, and mechanism for feeding the cartridges from said magazine.

10. In a magazine-firearm, a magazine constructed to receive cartridges in bulk and in reverse arrangement, mechanism for turning the cartridges, and means for advancing them to and into the barrel.

11. In a firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock parts, of a frame part interposed between the same, a firing mechanism contained in the frame part, a magazine connected with the frame part and shaped to receive the contents of an original commercial shipping-package of cartridges in bulk and in their shipping arrangement, means for moving the cartridges individually from the magazine, and means for advancing the cartridges to the barrel.

12. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock part, of a frame part interposed between the same, a firing mechanism contained in the frame part, a magazine below the frame part fashioned to receive cartridges in bulk and in reverse arrange: ment, means for elevating the cartridges in the magazine, and mechanism for transferring the cartridges to the barrel.

13. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock part, of a frame interposed between the same, firing mechanism carried by the frame, a magazine fashioned to receive cartridges in bulk and in reverse arrangement supported from the frame, means for advancing the cartridges in the magazine, and mechanism for transferring the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel.

14. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock part, of a frame part interposed between the same, firing mechanism in the frame part, a magazine having an opening through which a multitude of loose cartridges can be placed simultaneously and retained in reverse arrangement, a cap for the opening, and means for transferring the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel.

15. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock part, of a frame part intermediate the same, a magazine adapted to receive cartridges in bulk in reverse packing arrangement, means for separating from the bulk a number of cartridges, and means for advancing the separated cartridges individually to the barrel.

16. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock part, of a magazine fashioned to receive cartridges in bulk and in reverse packing arrangement, means for separating a series of cartridges from the bulk, means for removing a cartridge from the separated series, and means for advancing the removed cartridge into the barrel.

17. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel part and a stock part, of a frame intermediate the same, a magazine carried by the frame part, means for removing a series of cartridges from the magazine. and mechanism for individually removing the cartridges from the separated series, turning and advancing the same to the barrel and means for forcing the cartridge into the barrel.

18. In a firearm, the combination with a barrel part and a stock part, of a frame part carrying the firing mechanism, a magazine, provisions for separating a series of cartridges from the cartridges contained in the magazine, and means for individually removing the cartridges from the separated series, turning and positioning them in the barrel.

19. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock part, of a frame part therebetween, firing mechanism carried by the frame part, a magazine below the frame part fashioned to receive cartridges in bulk in reverse arrangement, a removable cap for the magazine, means for forcing the cartridges in the magazineforward, means for removing a series of cartridges from the bulk, and mechanism for individually depositing the removed cartridges in the barrel.

20. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock part, of a frame part interposed between the same, a firing mechanism. a magazine adapted to receive cartridges in bulk located below the firing mechanism, means for elevating the bulk of cartridges in the magazine, a slide mechanism for removing a series of cartridges from the bul k, an elevator for individually removing the separated series of cartridges, and means for advancing the cartridges to the barrel.

21. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and firing mechanism, of a boxshaped magazine fashioned to receive the original box of cartridges, a cap for the magazine, a follower carried by the cap, a slide for removing aseries of cartridges from the magazine, and mechanism for individually removing the separated series and positioning them in the barrel.

22. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and firing mechanism, of a magazine fashioned to receive an original commercial shipping-package, means for advancing the cartridges contained in the package from the wrapper thereof, means for separating the cartridges, and mechanism for positioning the separated cartridges in the barrel.

23. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock part, of a magazine fashioned to receive cartridges and retain the same crosswise of the barrel and in reverse arrangement, means for removing the cartridges individually from the magazine, mechanism for turning the cartridges lengthwise of the barrel, and separate means for advancing the cartridges into the barrel.

24. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and firing mechanism, of a magazine fashioned to receive cartridges in reverse arrangement, means for advancing the cartridges from the magazine and positioning them crosswise of the barrel, means for turning the cartridges lengthwise of the barrel, and separate means for advancing the cartridges to the barrel.

25. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and stock part, of a magazine fashioned to receive cartridges in reverse arrangement, acartridge-turning mechanism, a firing mechanism, and means for positioning the cartridges in the barrel.

26. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and firing mechanism, of a magazine fashioned to receive cartridges in a reverse arrangement, acartridge-feed, means for turning a cartridge, and means for positioning the cartridge in the barrel.

27 In a firearm, the combination with a barrel and firing mechanism, of a cartridgecontainer arranged to retain the cartridges in a horizontal position, crosswise of the barrel and in reverse arrangement, mechanism for changing the position of the individual cartridges to that of parallelism with the barrel, and means for advancing the cartridges to the barrel.

28. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and frame, the latter having a discharge-opening leading downwardly transversely therethrough, of a firing mechanism, a cartridge advancing mechanism, a transversely movable guide movable from and across the said discharge-opening, and means for moving the guide.

29. In a magazine-firearm having a transverse discharge-opening at the rear of the barrel part, a transversely-movable guide for the cartridges located adjacent the rear of the barrel, and means for moving the guide across and from the said discharge-openin 30. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and frame part, of a magazine adapted to'receive a series of cartridges in bulk, a firing mechanism comprising a hammer part, a breech part, a carriage for carrying the said breech and hammer part, means for actuating the carriage, breech part, and hammer part, a cartridge-feeding mechanism, a pusher carried by the carriage, and means for preventing a primary movement of the breech part independent of the carriage part.

31. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a carriage, of a hammer part carried by the carriage, a breech part carried by the carriage, means for moving the carriage, breech part and hammer jointly and independently, and a cartridge-feeding mechanism for the firearm.

32. In a magazine-firearm, a firing mechanism comprising a carriage, a hammer mechanism and a breech mechanism carried by the carriage, means for imparting an independent movement to the breech mechanism and the hammer mechanism, and means for causing the carriage to advance simultaneously with the ad vancement of the breech part, and means for positioning a cartridge in advance of the breech part.

33. In a firearm, the combination with a movable grip, ofan action-bar extending therefrom, a firing mechanism actuated by the action-bar, a magazine fashioned to receive cartridges in reverse arrangement, and means actuated by the action-bar for elevating the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel and for turning the cartridges.

34. In a firearm, the combination with a barrel part and a frame part, of a firingmechanism, a grip, an action-bar connected therewith and operatively associated with the firing mechanism, a magazine depending from the frame fashioned to receive cartridges in reverse arrangement, and an elevating device actuated by the action-bar for advancing a cartridge to a position for movement into the barrel.

35. In a firearm, the combination with a barrel and frame part, of a depending magazine arranged to hold a cartridge crosswise of the barrel, an elevator for elevating the cartridge from the magazine into the frame, a firing mechanism, an action-bar for actuating the elevator, and firing mechanism, and means for turning the cartridge into alinement with the barrel.

36. In a firearm, the combination with a barrel part, of a frame part, an action mechanism in the frame part, a magazine fashioned to receive and retain cartridges crosswise of the barrel, a grip movable relative to the barrel, means for transferring the cartridges from the magazine to a position in the frame, and turning-bars for engaging the cartridge and turning the same into alinement with the barrel.

37. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a frame, of a magazine designed to receive cartridges in a position at right angles to the barrel, curved guides in the frame, means for positioning the cartridge between the guides, and means for turning the cartridge into alinement with the barrel.

38. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel part and frame part, of a movable forearm, a magazine, means for individually positioning cartridges in a position to be introduced into the barrel, a toggle mechanism for turning the cartridge into alinement with the barrel, an action-bar connected with the forearm, a firing mechanism governed by the action-bar, and means for permitting the action of the action-bar subsequent to the turning movement of the toggle mechanism.

39. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel part and frame part, of a reciprocating firing mechanism contained in the frame part, a magazine below the frame part, a reciprocating grip, an action-bar for actuating the firing mechanism, an elevator for moving the cartridges upward from the magazine into the frame part, means for turning the cartridge when in its elevated position, means for advancing the cartridge, and a guide for directing the cartridge into the barrel.

40. In a magazine-firearm, the combination with a barrel and frame part, of a magazine, an empty shell-discharge opening in the frame part extending transversely of the barrel, a transversely-movable guide extending across the opening, a firing mechanism, and a reciprocating member for actuating the firing mechanism, for moving the cartridges from the magazine and for shifting the guide to a position beyond the discharge-opening.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY D. GHIOHESTER.

Witnesses:

L. L. BACON, EDWIN S. GLARKsoN. 

